3D
Object File Formats
This document contains information on various 3D object file formats and
how to view them from a Web browser. Some of the formats have detailed
format specifications available by clicking on them. If
you know of any other 3D object file formats, or if
you have additional information about any of the formats that are here,
please take a few moments to let me know.
This document includes format proposals for a Virtual Reality Modeling
Language (VRML) to allow users to share and link 3D objects over the Web.
Note: Some object file formats are being revised constantly.
Where possible, links to the original sites of the file formats are given
to allow you to view the most recent version. In some cases, you may be
more likely to find the most recent version of a format by following the
link to the original site rather than viewing the local copy.
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Contents of This Document
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What you'll find in this document. Click on one of them to jump to that
section of this document.
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3D Object File Formats
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VRML Object File Formats
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3D Object File Formats
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3D2
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Extensions: 3d, 3d2, 3d4
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Creator: Antic Software
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Description:
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Used by the Stereo CAD-3D 2.0 package for the Atari ST. Each format
can store up to 40 objects and contains all information about the objects,
including the lighting and color palette.
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Programs: Stereo CAD-3D 2.0
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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Another form of the 3D2 specifications can be found at http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_3d2.html.
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See Also:
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3DM (3D Model)
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Extensions: 3DM
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Creator: McNeel Software
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Description:
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3DM is the file format of the commercial Rhino 3D modeler for Windows.
The modeler can output a variety of other formats as well.
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Programs: Rhino 3D
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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More information about this format can be found at www.rhino3d.com
.
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See Also:
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3DMF (3D Metafile)
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Extensions: 3dmf
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Creator: Apple
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Description:
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Used by the Quickdraw 3D package from Apple.
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Programs: Quickdraw 3D
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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Additional documentation of the 3DMF format can be found at http://www.info.apple.com/qd3d/3DMFspec.HTML.
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See Also:
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3DS,MAX (3D-Studio)
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Extensions: 3ds, max
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Creator: Kinetix (Autodesk)
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Description:
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Used by the AutoDesk 3D-Studio and 3D-Studio MAX commercial
modeling, rendering and animation package on the PC. The 3DS format consists
of chunks which describe what information is to follow, its ID, and the
location of the next main block. This allows filters to skip chunks they
don't recognize, and allows for extensions to the format.
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Programs: AutoDesk 3D-Studio, 3D-Studio MAX
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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An "unofficial" 1.0 specification is also available. A more recent format
specification may be available from http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_3ds.html
and http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_3DS_details.html.
Additional information may be found on the comp.graphics.packages.3dstudio
newsgroup. Other information may be found at the Autodesk Web site at http://www.autodesk.com/
and at http://www.ktx.com/.
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See Also:
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3DX
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Extensions: 3dx
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Creator:
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Description:
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The purpose of this new object format is to provide an optimised object,
for the different displaying modes, with expansion possibilities, and information
for 3D clipping, animation, and so on.
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Programs:
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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ART (Another Ray Tracer)
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Extensions: art
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Creator: Tom Wilson &[email protected]>
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Description:
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Used by the ART ray tracer which comes with the public domain VORT
package for Unix.
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Programs: ART ray tracer
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Filters:
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The SPD (Standard Procedural Database) package is available at http://www.eye.com/triwrld/Free/freebies.htm
and now contains filters to convert to and from the following formats:
NFF, POV-Ray, Polyray, Vivid, Rayshade, RTrace SCN, Art, QRT, REND386 PLG,
Renderman RIB, AutoCad DXF, Radiance RAD, Wavefront OBJ, and RenderWare
RWX.
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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AVS (Application Visualization System)
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Extensions: geom, prop, scr
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Creator: Advanced Visual Systems, Inc.
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Description:
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Used by the AVS commercial high-end visualization environment by
Advanced Visual Systems, Inc.
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Programs: Application Visualization System (AVS)
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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BIFF
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Extensions: biff
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Creator:
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Description:
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The BIFF format defines an image to be a sequence of 2D bands. Every band
may have its own size and pixel type (even allowing the pyramid representation
to be used). There are also separate parameters for positioning and magnification
of each band. Any amount of ASCII text may also be stored in the file.
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Programs:
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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BIN
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Extensions: bin
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Creator: Silicon Graphics
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Description:
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The Silicon Graphics BIN format is supported by both Showcase (TM)
and the powerflip demonstration program. BIN files are in a simple
format that specifies only independent quadrilaterals.
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Programs: Showcase, powerflip
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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BRL (Ballistic Research Laboratory)
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Extensions: brl
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Creator: BRL-CAD
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Description:
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The Silicon Graphics BIN format is supported by both Showcase (TM)
and the powerflip demonstration program. BIN files are in a simple
format that specifies only independent quadrilaterals.
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Programs: BRL-CAD
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Filters:
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A filter is available to convert IGES into BRL-CAD format.
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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The BRL-CAD home page is at http://web.arl.mil/software/brlcad/index.html.
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See Also:
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BYU (Brigham
Young University Format)
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Extensions: byu
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Creator: Brigham Young University
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Description:
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Used by the Brigham Young University Movie BYU program.
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Programs: Movie BYU
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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COB (Calgari
Object)
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Extensions: cob (objects), scn (scenes)
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Creator: Calgari
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Description:
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File format used by the Calgari trueSpace2 program.
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Programs: trueSpace2
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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Specifications are available from http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/files/calgari.pdf
in Acrobat format.
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See Also:
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Cyberware
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Extensions: cy, tmesh
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Creator: Cyberware
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Description:
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"Range map" files used by Cyberware 3D digitizers and the Cyberware Echo
scanning software.
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Programs: Echo
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Filters:
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Filters are available from ftp://ftp.cyberware.com/.
These include:
byutodxf - Used to convert a Cymage MOVIE.BYU file to a .dxf polygon
mesh.
byutotmesh - Used to convert a Cymage MOVIE.BYU file to Echo format.
cy2iv - Converts Echo files to OpenInventor format.
cyconvert - Used to convert Echo files to MOVIE.BYU, Wavefront, or
Digital Arts format file.
cyges - Used to convert Echo files to IGES, entities 106, 110, or 112.
cytomesh - Used to convert Echo files to an AutoCAD mesh script.
cytoslice - Used to convert Echo files to an AutoCAD slice script.
echoascii - Used to convert Echo files to ASCII.
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Viewers:
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plyview
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Other information:
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More information may be available from the Cyberware Web site at http://www.cyberware.com/.
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See Also:
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DEM (Digital Elevation Model)
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Extensions: dem
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Creator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
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Description:
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A Digital Elevation Model (DEM), consists of a sampled array of elevations
for ground positions that are normally at regularly spaced intervals.
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Programs:
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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Specifications can be found at http://edcwww.cr.usgs.gov/glis/hyper/guide/1_dgr_dem.
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See Also:
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DKB
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Extensions: dkb
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Creator: DKB-Trace ray tracer
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Description:
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Used by the public domain DKB-Trace ray tracer. The POV-Ray
ray tracer (see below) is an extension of DKB-Trace, however they use somewhat
different object file formats.
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Programs: DKB-Trace ray tracer
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also: POV format
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DVS
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Extensions: viz, biz, vtx
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Creator: Division Ltd.
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Description:
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Used by the dVS package from Division Ltd.
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Programs: dVS
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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DWB (Designer's Workbench)
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Extensions: dwb (binary), dwba (ASCII)
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Creator: Coryphaeus Software
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Description:
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The binary DWB format is used for input and output by the Designer's
Workbench, EasyT, and EasyScene database modeling tools
produced by Coryphaeus Software.
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Programs: Designer's Workbench, EasyT, EasyScene
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Filters:
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Filters are available from ftp://www.coryphaeus.com/pub/:
asctodwb - converts DWBA (ASCII) to DWB (binary) format.
dwbtoasc - converts DWB (binary) to DWBA (ASCII) format.
dwb2oflt - converts DWB files to OpenFlight format.
oflt2dwb - converts OpenFlight files to DWB format.
pstovfn - converts Postscript Type 1 fonts to VFN outline format.
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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Additional information may be available from the Corphaeus Web site at
http://www.coryphaeus.com/.
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See Also:
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DXF
(Drawing Interchange File)
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Extensions: dxf
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Creator: AutoDesk, Inc.
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Description:
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Used by AutoDesk's AutoCAD and other CAD packages.
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Programs: AutoCAD
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Filters:
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The SPD (Standard Procedural Database) package is available at http://www.eye.com/triwrld/Free/freebies.htm
and now contains filters to convert to and from the following formats:
NFF, POV-Ray, Polyray, Vivid, Rayshade, RTrace SCN, Art, QRT, REND386 PLG,
Renderman RIB, AutoCad DXF, Radiance RAD, Wavefront OBJ, and RenderWare
RWX.
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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Version 10.0 of the DXF format is also available. There is also a minimal
format specification at http://www.mhri.edu.au/~pdb/interchange/min3d.html
to help you create DXF 3D object files. Further information may be available
from AutoDesk at http://www.autodesk.com/.
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See Also:
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FHS
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Extensions: fhs
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Creator: Fraunhofer Gesellschaft
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Description:
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Used by in-house VR software by the Fraunhofer Gesellschaft.
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Programs:
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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fhsview
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Other information:
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More information, filters, and viewers may be available at http://www.igd.fhg.de/www/igd-a4/projects/fhs/.
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See Also:
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FLT
(OpenFlight Format)
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Extensions: flt
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Creator: Multigen
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Description:
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A 3D format from Multigen The OpenFlight
format is a binary format used for input and output by the MultiGen
and ModelGen database modeling tools produced by MultiGen. It is
used mainly for flight simulation.
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Programs: MultiGen, ModelGen
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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The most recent specifications for this format may be found at http://www.multigen.com/support/documentation/documentation.htm.
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See Also:
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GDS
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Extensions: gds
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Creator: McDonnell-Douglas
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Description:
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McDonnell-Douglas GDS Format. The GDS format (also known as the "Things"
format) is used in at least one CAD system.
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Programs:
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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GFO
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Extensions: gfo
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Creator: Silicon Graphics
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Description:
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The Silicon Graphics GFO format is the simple ASCII format of the barcelona
database that is provided in the IRIS Performer sample database directory.
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Programs: barcelona demo, IRIS Performer
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Filters:
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A filter /usr/share/Performer/src/lib/libpfdb/libpfgfo/pfbin.c for Silicon
Graphics IRIS Performer is available with the Performer distribution.
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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GKS (Graphics Kernel System)
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Extensions: gks, cgm
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Creator:
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Description:
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GKS is a standard specifying the input and output primitives for displaying
2D and 3D graphical data. Although GKS has no native file format, the CGM
(Computer Graphics Metafile) format is often closely associated with its
use.
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Programs:
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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GLC
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Extensions: glc
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Creator:
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Description:
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GLC object file format.
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Programs:
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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IGES
(Initial Graphics Exchange Specification)
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Extensions: iges
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Creator: IGES/PDES Organization (IPO)
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Description:
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IGES - Initial Graphics Exchange Specification - is an American National
Standard that defines a neutral data format for the digital exchange of
information among computer-aided design (CAD) systems and other applications
of graphic (vector) presentation nature. The standard is developed and
maintained by the IGES/PDES Organization (IPO); a program area of the U.S.
Product Data Association.
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Programs: AutoCAD, Alias
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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More information may be available at http://elib.cme.nist.gov/nipde/stds/wh-iges.html.
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See Also:
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IM
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Extensions: im
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Creator: Silicon Graphics
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Description:
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The IM format is a simple format developed for test purposes by the Silicon
Graphics IRIS Performer engineering team. As new features are added
to IRIS Performer, the IM loader is extended to allow experimentation
and testing.
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Programs: IRIS Performer
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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Infini-D
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Extensions: ???
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Creator: Infini-D
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Description:
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Used by the Infini-D package on the Macintosh.
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Programs: Infini-D
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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Inventor
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Extensions: iv
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Creator: Silicon Graphics
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Description:
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Used by Silicon Graphics IRIS Inventor 3D graphics toolkit.
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Programs: IRIS Inventor
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Filters:
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Source code for a filter which reads the Inventor format comes with IRIS
Inventor in the libpfdb/libpfiv source directory.
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Viewers:
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There is a program called ivview that is available on SGI machines
and is written using Inventor libraries.
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Other information:
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Inventor format is a superset of the VRML networked graphics data format.
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See Also: VRML format
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IRTP (Interactive Real-Time PHIGS)
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Extensions: irtp
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Creator: AAI/Graphicon
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Description:
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The AAI/Graphicon IRTP format is used by the TopGen database modeling
system and by the Graphicon-2000 image generator.
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Programs: TopGen, Graphicon-2000, IRIS Performer
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Filters:
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The Silicon Graphics IRIS Performer is distributed with a loader
in the /usr/share/Performer/src/lib/libpfdb/libpfirtp directory.
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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LSA,
LSB (Lightscape A and B Formats)
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Extensions: ls, lsa (ASCII), lsb (binary)
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Creator: Lightscape Technologies
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Description:
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Lightscape Technologies LSA and LSB Formats. The Lightscape Visualization
System is a product of Lightscape Technologies, Inc., and is designed
to compute accurate simulations of global illumination within complex 3D
environments.
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Programs: Lightscape Visualization System, IRIS Inventor
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Filters:
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Programs pflsa.c and pflsb.c are available with Silicon Graphics
IRIS Inventor in /usr/share/Performer/src/lib/libpfdb/libpflsa and
libpflsb directories.
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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LWOB
(Lightwave Object Format)
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Extensions: iff, lwob
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Creator: LightWave
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Description:
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Used by the LightWave animation software. LightWave 3D objects are
stored as IFF files with a FORM type of LWOB. Other chunks stored in a
FORM LWOB file are PNTS, SRFS, SURF, CRVS, and POLS chunk.
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Programs: LightWave
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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Another source for the LWOB format is http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_lightwave.html.
There is also a comp.graphics.apps.lightwave
newsgroup.
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See Also:
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MAZ
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Extensions: maz
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Creator: Division Ltd.
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Description:
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The MAZ format is used by the dVice package by Division Ltd.
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Programs: dVice
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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MEDIT
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Extensions: medit
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Creator: Medit Productions
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Description:
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The MEDIT format is used by the Medit database modeling system produced
by Medit Productions.
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Programs: Medit, IRIS Performer
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Filters:
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A loader is available for Silicon Graphics IRIS Performer in the
/usr/share/Performer/src/lib/libpfdb/libpfmedit directory.
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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MEME (MEME Shape file)
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Extensions: rwx
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Creator: Immersive Systems
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Description:
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Used by the Meme commerical virtual reality system for the IBM PC
by Immersive Systems.
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Programs: Meme, IRIS Performer
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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A Meme viewer demo is available for the PC at http://www.immersive.com/memedemo.htm
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Other information:
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See Also: RWX format
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MGF
(Materials and Geometry Format)
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Extensions: mgf
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Creators:
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Greg Ward &[email protected]> of LBL, in association with Rob Shakespeare
of Indiana University, Ian Ashdown of Ledalite Corp. and Holly Rushmeier
of NIST
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Description:
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A simple ASCII representation of surface geometry and materials for the
purpose of visible-light simulation and rendering. Similar to Wavefront's
.OBJ file format.
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Programs:
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Filters:
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Translators from 3D Studio and Radiance rendering formats, and to Inventor,
VRML and Radiance as well as a parser for the MGF format is available at
ftp://hobbes.lbl.gov/www/mgf.
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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MGF documentation and examples are available at http://radsite.lbl.gov/mgf/HOME.html.
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See Also: OBJ format
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MDL (MoDeL)
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Extensions: mdl
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Creator: Moray
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Description:
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Moray modeler file format.
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Programs: Moray
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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MSDL
(Manchester Scene Description Language)
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Extensions: msdl
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Creator: University of Manchester
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Description:
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Used by the Computer Graphics Unit at the University of Manchester in graphics
packages developed there.
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Programs:
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Filters:
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Libraries and filters are also available via ftp at ftp.mcc.ac.uk:pub/cgu/MSDL.
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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An intro to MSDL
is available from the Computer Graphics Unit at the University of Manchester.
MSDL specifications, scenes, and parser may be available at ftp://ftp.mcc.ac.uk/pub/cgu/MSDL/.
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See Also:
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MTV
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Extensions: nff, mtv
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Creator: MTV ray tracer
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Description:
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Scene description used by the MTV ray tracer. For all intents and
purposes, the format is the same as the NFF format, with the exception
that polygonal patches must be triangles.
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Programs: MTV ray tracer
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also: NFF format
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NFF
and ENFF (Neutral
File Format)
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Extensions: nff, enff
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Creator: Eric Haines &[email protected]>
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Description:
-
The NFF format is a minimal scene description language written by Eric
Haines and was designed in order to test various rendering algorithms and
efficiency schemes. It is used by a variety of programs including several
public domain raytracers. ENFF is the Extended Neutral File Format.
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Programs: Standard Procedural Database
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Filters:
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The SPD (Standard Procedural Database) package is available at http://www.eye.com/triwrld/Free/freebies.htm
and now contains filters to convert to and from the following formats:
NFF, POV-Ray, Polyray, Vivid, Rayshade, RTrace SCN, Art, QRT, REND386 PLG,
Renderman RIB, AutoCad DXF, Radiance RAD, Wavefront OBJ, and RenderWare
RWX.
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Viewers:
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There is at least one NFF previewer program written using the VOGLE
graphics library, but it doesn't allow you to rotate or move the object,
and only displays the scene as a wireframe.
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Other information:
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NFF specifications can be found at http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_nff.html.
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See Also: WTK format
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NURBS
(Nonlinear Uniform Rational B-Splines)
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Extensions: txt, nurbs
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Creator: Computer Science Department, University of Utah
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Description:
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Spline surface format. These models were created using the Alpha_1
geometric modeling system at the Computer Science Department, University
of Utah.
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Programs: Alpha_1
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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OBJ
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Extensions: obj (for ASCII), mod (for binary)
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Creator: Wavefront/Alias Technologies
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Description:
-
Used by the Wavefront suite of commercial high-end animation packages.
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Programs: Wavefront
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Filters:
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The SPD (Standard Procedural Database) package is available at http://www.eye.com/triwrld/Free/freebies.htm
and now contains filters to convert to and from the following formats:
NFF, POV-Ray, Polyray, Vivid, Rayshade, RTrace SCN, Art, QRT, REND386 PLG,
Renderman RIB, AutoCad DXF, Radiance RAD, Wavefront OBJ, and RenderWare
RWX.
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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A Postscript version of the specifications
with graphics is also available.
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See Also:
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ODL (Object Description Language)
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Extensions: odl
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Creator:
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Description:
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Programs:
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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See Also:
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OFF
(Object File Format)
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Extensions: off
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Creator: Digital Equipment Corporation
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Description:
-
OFF was developed in 1986 at Digital Equipment Corporation's Workstation
Systems Engineering for the interchange and archiving of 3D objects. OFF
is an ASCII-based format and is independent of languages, devices, and
operating systems.
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Programs:
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
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The OFF archive is available at ftp://gatekeeper.dec.com/pub/DEC/.
This archive contains the format specification, tools, and objects. It
is not currently supported and is copyrighted.
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See Also: OOGL format
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OOGL
(Object Oriented Graphics Library)
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Extensions: oogl, off, list, tlist, grp, quad, mesh, inst, bez,
vect
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Creator: Geometry Center, University of Minnesota
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Description:
-
These files can be displayed using the public domain Geomview
program for SGI, X, and other platforms, written by written by staff members
of the Geometry Center at the University of Minnesota. OOGL uses the OFF
format for its polygonal files. An extension
of the MESH and OFF files are used by the Meshview program
developed at Indiana University.
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Programs: Geomview, Meshview
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Filters:
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Viewers:
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Other information:
-
A tutorial
of the OOGL format is also available.
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See Also: OFF format
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PHD
(PolyHedra Database)
-
Extensions: phd
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Creator: Silicon Graphics
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Description:
-
The PHD format was created to describe the geometric polyhedron definitions
derived mathematically by Andrew Hume and by the Kaleido program
of Zvi Har'El. This format describes only the geometric shape of polyhedra;
it provides no specification for color, texture, or appearance attributes
such as specularity.
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Programs: Kaleido, IRIS Inventor
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Filters:
-
Source code for this format is distributed with Silicon Graphics IRIS
Inventor in /usr/share/Performer/src/lib/libpfdb/libpfpoly/pfphd.c
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
PLY
-
Extensions: ply
-
Creator: Stanford University
-
Description:
-
Used by the ZipPack polygon mesh "zippering" package on the Silicon
Graphics platform written at Stanford University.
-
Programs: ZipPack
-
Filters:
-
The zipper program and code for reading and writing the PLY format
can be found at ftp://graphics.stanford.edu/pub/zippack.
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
More information about ZipPack can be found at http://www-graphics.stanford.edu/software/zippack.
-
See Also:
-
POL
-
Extensions: pol
-
Creator: InnovMetric Software Inc.
-
Description:
-
The POL 3D file format was created and is maintained by InnovMetric Software
Inc. The POL format was created to fill the need of storing data representing
multi-contour, simple, planular, polygons using a binary file format.
-
Programs:
-
Filters:
-
IMCompress, IMFilter (polygon reduction software)
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
Questions regarding this format should be directed to Marc Soucy at [email protected].
-
See Also:
-
Polyray
-
Extensions: ???
-
Creator: Polyray ray tracer
-
Description:
-
Scene description used by the Polyray ray tracer.
-
Programs: Polyray ray tracer
-
Filters:
-
The SPD (Standard Procedural Database) package is available at http://www.eye.com/triwrld/Free/freebies.htm
and now contains filters to convert to and from the following formats:
NFF, POV-Ray, Polyray, Vivid, Rayshade, RTrace SCN, Art, QRT, REND386 PLG,
Renderman RIB, AutoCad DXF, Radiance RAD, Wavefront OBJ, and RenderWare
RWX.
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
POLY
-
Extensions: poly (ASCII), bpoly (binary)
-
Creator: Side Effects Software
-
Description:
-
Side Effects POLY format. The Side Effects Software PRISMS database
modeler format supports both ASCII and binary forms of the POLY format.
-
Programs: PRISMS
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
POV
(Persistence of Vision)
-
Extensions: pov
-
Creator: POV-Ray ray tracer
-
Description:
-
Used by the POV-Ray ray tracer for the Mac, PC, Amiga, and Unix.
-
Programs: POV-Ray ray tracer
-
Filters:
-
The SPD (Standard Procedural Database) package is available at http://www.eye.com/triwrld/Free/freebies.htm
and now contains filters to convert to and from the following formats:
NFF, POV-Ray, Polyray, Vivid, Rayshade, RTrace SCN, Art, QRT, REND386 PLG,
Renderman RIB, AutoCad DXF, Radiance RAD, Wavefront OBJ, and RenderWare
RWX.
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
The original specs should be available at http://www.povray.org/
Additional information can be found on the comp.graphics.rendering.raytracing
newsgroup.
-
See Also:
-
PTU (Performer Terrain Utilities)
-
Extensions: ptu
-
Creator: Silicon Graphics
-
Description:
-
Silicon Graphics PTU Format used by IRIS Performer.
-
Programs: IRIS Performer
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
QTVR (QuickTime Virtual Reality)
-
Extensions: qtvr
-
Creator: Apple
-
Description:
-
QuickTime VR is a virtual reality delivery platform for the Web and CD-ROM
and is used to deliver both photographic and computer-generated virtual
reality objects and scenes. Scenes are typically texture-mapped cylinders
which are viewed from within. Objects are 3D models which can be rotated
and manipulated inside of a scene.
-
Programs:
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
Additional information is available from http://qtvr.quicktime.apple.com/.
You can find the QuickTime VR FAQ at http://dev.info.apple.com/techqa/qtvr/qtvr.html.
-
See Also:
-
QRT
-
Extensions: qrt
-
Creator: QRT ray tracer
-
Description:
-
Scene description used by the QRT ray tracer.
-
Programs: QRT ray tracer
-
Filters:
-
The SPD (Standard Procedural Database) package is available at http://www.eye.com/triwrld/Free/freebies.htm
and now contains filters to convert to and from the following formats:
NFF, POV-Ray, Polyray, Vivid, Rayshade, RTrace SCN, Art, QRT, REND386 PLG,
Renderman RIB, AutoCad DXF, Radiance RAD, Wavefront OBJ, and RenderWare
RWX.
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
A context free grammar for the
QRT scene files is also available.
-
See Also:
-
Radiance
-
Extensions: rad (ASCII), oct (binary octree)
-
Creator: Greg Ward
-
Description:
-
Used by the Radiance public domain radiosity renderer for Unix.
The ASCII files are converted into an octree format for rendering.
-
Programs: Radiance renderer
-
Filters: Information on Radiance translators can be found at http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/man_html/Notes/translators.html.
-
The SPD (Standard Procedural Database) package is available at http://www.eye.com/triwrld/Free/freebies.htm
and now contains filters to convert to and from the following formats:
NFF, POV-Ray, Polyray, Vivid, Rayshade, RTrace SCN, Art, QRT, REND386 PLG,
Renderman RIB, AutoCad DXF, Radiance RAD, Wavefront OBJ, and RenderWare
RWX.
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
Documentation of the scene
description files and the Randiance package are available at
http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/HOME.html.
-
See Also:
-
RayDream
-
Extensions: ray, shade
-
Creator: Ray Dream, Inc.
-
Description:
-
Used by the RayDream commercial animation package by Ray Dream,
Inc. The specs for this format are not available.
-
Programs: RayDream
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
More information can be found at the RayDream
site.
-
See Also:
-
RAY
(Rayshade)
-
Extensions: ray, shade
-
Creator: Craig Kolb
-
Description:
-
Used by the Rayshade public domain ray tracer for Unix.
-
Programs: Rayshade ray tracer
-
Filters:
-
The SPD (Standard Procedural Database) package is available at http://www.eye.com/triwrld/Free/freebies.htm
and now contains filters to convert to and from the following formats:
NFF, POV-Ray, Polyray, Vivid, Rayshade, RTrace SCN, Art, QRT, REND386 PLG,
Renderman RIB, AutoCad DXF, Radiance RAD, Wavefront OBJ, and RenderWare
RWX.
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
RIB
(Renderman Interface Bytestream)
-
Extensions: rib
-
Creator: Pixar
-
Description:
-
Used by the Photorealistic Renderman (PRMan) commerical renderer
by Pixar, and the shareware Blue Moon Rendering Tools (BMRT) renderer
by Larry Gritz. RIB is part of the Renderman standard developed by Pixar.
-
Programs: Photorealistic Renderman, BMRT
-
Filters:
-
The SPD (Standard Procedural Database) package is available at http://www.eye.com/triwrld/Free/freebies.htm
and now contains filters to convert to and from the following formats:
NFF, POV-Ray, Polyray, Vivid, Rayshade, RTrace SCN, Art, QRT, REND386 PLG,
Renderman RIB, AutoCad DXF, Radiance RAD, Wavefront OBJ, and RenderWare
RWX.
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
RIS (Range Image Standard)
-
Extensions: ris
-
Creator: 3D Scanners, 3D Systems
-
Description:
-
RIS files consist of point datasets known as Range Images. Range Images
are datasets of XYZ points generated by 3D scanners such as 3D Scanners'
REPLICA and REVERSA systems and scanners by 3D Systems. Range
Images can describe detailed, complex, freeform surfaces completely and
accurately.
-
Programs:
-
Filters:
-
RI Tools software from 3D Scanners.
-
Viewers:
-
Several from 3D Systems
-
Other information:
-
More information about this format can be found at http://www.3dscanners.com
and http://www.3dsystems.com
.
-
See Also: Cyberware format
-
RWX (RenderWare Script File)
-
Extensions: rwx
-
Creator: Criterion Software Ltd.
-
Description:
-
The RWX script file format is used by the RenderWare graphics package
from Criterion Software Ltd.
-
Programs: RenderWare
-
Filters:
-
The SPD (Standard Procedural Database) package is available at http://www.eye.com/triwrld/Free/freebies.htm
and now contains filters to convert to and from the following formats:
NFF, POV-Ray, Polyray, Vivid, Rayshade, RTrace SCN, Art, QRT, REND386 PLG,
Renderman RIB, AutoCad DXF, Radiance RAD, Wavefront OBJ, and RenderWare
RWX.
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also: MEME format
-
S1000
-
Extensions: s1k
-
Creator: United States ARMY
-
Description:
-
The S1000 format is used by the United States ARMY SIMNET distributed
simulation system for armored vehicle training.
-
Programs: SIMNET
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
SCENE
-
Extensions: scene
-
Creator:
-
Description:
-
The SCENE format is for the storage and interchange of 3D geometric information.
The format is under construction.
-
Programs:
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
Comments are being called for from interested parties, these can be emaied
to [email protected].
The draft document is avialable via the Web from http://www.mhri.edu.au/~pdb/interchange/scene.html
and is located in the "Computer Graphics" directory.
-
See Also:
-
SCN
-
Extensions: scn, rtrace
-
Creator: RTrace ray tracer
-
Description:
-
This format was designed to replace a very simple format called SFF used
by the RTrace ray tracer. There is a filter that converts SFF to
SCN.
-
Programs: RTrace ray tracer
-
Filters:
-
The SPD (Standard Procedural Database) package is available at http://www.eye.com/triwrld/Free/freebies.htm
and now contains filters to convert to and from the following formats:
NFF, POV-Ray, Polyray, Vivid, Rayshade, RTrace SCN, Art, QRT, REND386 PLG,
Renderman RIB, AutoCad DXF, Radiance RAD, Wavefront OBJ, and RenderWare
RWX.
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
Many other converters are available to convert to and from this format
available via anonymous ftp from asterix.inescn.pt:pub/RTrace.
For more information about the RTrace package and information about
its author, see http://diana.inescn.pt/acc/acc.html.
-
See Also: SFF format
-
Sculpt
-
Extensions: scene
-
Creator: Sculpt3D
-
Description:
-
Used by Sculpt3D on the Amiga.
-
Programs: Sculpt3D
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
SDL (Scene Description Language)
-
Extensions: sdl
-
Creator: Wavefront/Alias Inc.
-
Description:
-
Used by the Alias suite of commercial high-end animation packages.
SDL is actually a language, and as such is very tricky to convert to other
formats. However, Alias can import and export a variety of formats.
-
Programs: Alias
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
The Alias Web site is http://www.alias.com/.
More information may be found on the comp.graphics.apps.alias
newsgroup.
-
See Also:
-
SDML
(Spacial Data Modeling Language)
-
Extensions: sdml
-
Creator: University of Toronto
-
Description:
-
SDML is a spatial description language used for storing CAD and GIS data,
such as found in Landscape Planning, Design, and Architectural databases.
SDML currently exists in two versions: the old SDML format and the new
(Version 1.0) format. The old format is derived from the ASCII-based format
used in the CLRview and PolyTRIM software environments. The
new format, released in 05Feb95, is a more detailed, capable, and size-optimized
revision of the old SDML and supports all the features of the CLRMosaic
software.
-
Programs: CLRView, PolyTRIM, CLRMosaic
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
The updated version of the SDML format can be obtained from http://www.clr.toronto.edu:1080/CLRMOSAIC/SDML.html.
More information about CLRMosaic can be found at http://www.clr.toronto.edu:1080/CLRMOSAIC/help-about.html.
-
See Also:
-
SDTS (Spatial Data Transfer Standard)
-
Extensions: sdts, tvp
-
Creator: US Geological Survey
-
Description:
-
The SDTS is a language for communicating spatial information. It was developed
to allow U.S. Federal agencies to share spatial data among applications
which use different hardware, software, and operating systems. It was adopted
in 1992 as Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 173 and is the
standard for spatial data exchange for U.S. Federal Government agencies.
-
Programs:
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
More information can be found at ftp://sdts.er.usgs.gov/pub/sdts/www/html/sdts.html.
-
See Also:
-
SFF
(Simple File Format)
-
Extensions: sff
-
Creator:
-
Description:
-
Scene description used by the RTrace ray tracer. This format has
been replaced by the SCN format. Filters are available for converting SFF
to SCN.
-
Programs:
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also: SCN format
-
SGF (Standard Graphics Format)
-
Extensions: sgf
-
Creator: United States Naval Academy
-
Description:
-
The SGF format is used at the United States Naval Academy as a standard
graphics format for geometric data. The description of the standard graphics
format is described by David F. Rogers and J. Alan Adams in the book Mathematical
Elements for Computer Graphics.
-
Programs:
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also: SPF format
-
SGO
and Flip File (Silicon Graphics Object)
-
Extensions: sgo
-
Creator: Silicon Graphics
-
Description:
-
Used by the IRIS Showcase package for Silicon Graphics workstations.
The Flip File format is a very simple format which supports only quadrilaterals
(four-sided polygons).
-
Programs: IRIS Showcase
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
A more complete SGO
specification is also available.
-
See Also:
-
Softimage
-
Extensions: soft
-
Creator: Softimage (Microsoft)
-
Description:
-
The Softimage format is used in the Softimage|3D modeling, animation,
and rendering package and related programs.
-
Programs: Softimage|3D
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
The Softimage Web site is at http://www.softimage.com/.
The Softimage users Web site is at http://vizlab.beckman.uiuc.edu/softimage/.
Additional information may be found on the comp.graphics.apps.softimage
newsgroup.
-
See Also:
-
SOL
-
Extensions: sol
-
Creator: Enabling Technologies, Inc.
-
Description:
-
SOL format was used primarily by Enabling Technologies Clip3D package
for Windows.
-
Programs: Clip3D
-
Filters:
-
Clip3D
-
Viewers:
-
Clip3D
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
SPF (Simple Polygon Format)
-
Extensions: spf
-
Creator:
-
Description:
-
The SPF format is used at the United States Naval Academy as a standard
graphics format for geometric data. The description of the standard graphics
format is described by David F. Rogers and J. Alan Adams in the book Mathematical
Elements for Computer Graphics.
-
Programs:
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also: SGF format
-
STEP
(Standard for the Exchange of Product Mode Data)
-
Extensions: stp, step
-
Creator:
-
Description:
-
STEP (ISO 10303) is a set of standards which provide for the exchange of
engineering product data. It was created specifically for exchanging models
and is most mportant in Europe as one of the few solid model exchange formats.
-
Programs: Trispectives, UniGraphics
-
Filters:
-
Trispectives - to and from
-
UniGraphics - from
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
A Web site with a wealth of information about the STEP format is http://www.igd.fhg.de/www/igd-a2/hyperstep/.
STEP format specifications can be found at http://www.igd.fhg.de/www/igd-a2/hyperstep/iso-10303/gen.html.
A short description is available at http://www.steptools.com.
A lengthy description of the whole ISO 10303, now refered to as STEP is
avaiable at http://rpksun1.mach.uni-karlsruhe.de/public/Mitarbeiter/Polly/ISO10303/StatusList.html.
-
See Also:
-
STL,
STLA (Stereolithography Interface Format)
-
Extensions: stl (binary), stla (ASCII)
-
Creator: 3D Systems
-
Description:
-
The STL format is used to define 3D solids to be imaged by 3D lithography
systems. The ASCII version of this format is known as STLA and has a very
simple structure. STL files are the native file format of the SLA CAD
software created by 3D Systems of Valencia, CA, USA. STL files may be ASCII
or binary in form, although binary is far more common due to the very large
resulting size of the CAD data when saved to the ASCII format.
-
Programs: SLA CAD
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
Strata
-
Extensions: ???
-
Creator: StrataVision
-
Description:
-
Used by the StrataVision package on the Macintosh.
-
Programs: StrataVision
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
SV
(SuperViewer)
-
Extensions: sv
-
Creator: John Kichury of Silicon Graphics
-
Description:
-
The SuperViewer (SV) format is one of the several database formats that
the I3DM database modeling tool can read and write. The I3DM
modeler was developed by John Kichury of Silicon Graphics and is provided
with IRIS Performer.
-
Programs: I3DM, IRIS Performer
-
Filters:
-
The source code for the SV format importer is in the file pfsv.c of the
IRIS Inventor distribution.
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
TDDD
(3D Data Description)
-
Extensions: t3d, tddd, iff
-
Creator: Impulse
-
Description:
-
Used by the Impulse's Imagine and Turbo Silver 3.0 raytracers
for the Amiga. TDDD files contain 3D object definitions and can be extended
to describe different types of object information. TDDD data is stored
as FORM TDDD chunks using the Amiga and Electronic Arts Interchange File
Format (IFF). Imagine 3.0 also supports a Texture File Format stored as
a FORM TFORM chunk in an IFF file.
-
Programs: Imagine, Turbo Silver 3.0
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
There is also a specification
for the texture file available. The TDDD specifications can also be
found at http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_imagine1.html.
The specifications for the texture file format can be found at http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_imagine2.html.
-
See Also:
-
TPoly (Triangulated Polygon)
-
Extensions: tpoly, tnpoly
-
Creator:
-
Description:
-
Triangulated polygon files.
-
Programs:
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
UNC (University of North Carolina Walkthrough
Format)
-
Extensions: unc
-
Creator: University of North Carolina
-
Description:
-
The UNC format was once used at the University of North Carolina as a format
for geometric data in an architectural walkthrough application.
-
Programs:
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
VID
-
Extensions: vid
-
Creator: VideoScape
-
Description:
-
Amiga VideoScape format.
-
Programs: VideoScape
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
Vivid
-
Extensions: v, vo, vs, vc, vlb
-
Creator: Stephen B. Coy
-
Description:
-
A simple ASCII file format for the Vivid ray tracer, similar to
the POV format. Vivid is a shareware ray tracer for the IBM PC by
Stephen Coy . Compared to POV-Ray, Vivid
doesn't have as many features, but in many cases it can run faster. Source
code isn't available, so the package is limited to systems which can run
DOS executables. Stephen Coy, Christopher Watkins and Mark Finlay co-authored
a book on ray tracing called Photorealism and Ray Tracing in C.
Distributed free with the book was an example ray tracer called BOB.
This was actually a cut down version of Vivid which did include
source.
-
Programs:
-
Vivid ray tracer by Stephen B. Coy.
-
Filters:
-
The SPD (Standard Procedural Database) package is available at http://www.eye.com/triwrld/Free/freebies.htm
and now contains filters to convert to and from the following formats:
NFF, POV-Ray, Polyray, Vivid, Rayshade, RTrace SCN, Art, QRT, REND386 PLG,
Renderman RIB, AutoCad DXF, Radiance RAD, Wavefront OBJ, and RenderWare
RWX.
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also: POV format
-
VRT, VCA
-
Extensions: vca (objects), vrt (worlds)
-
Creator: SuperScape
-
Description:
-
Used by the SuperScape VRT package.
-
Programs: VRT ray tracer
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
VRML
(Virtual Reality Modeling Language)
-
Extensions: wrl, vrml
-
Creator:
-
Description:
-
VRML is a subset of the Silicon Graphics OpenInventor file format for use
in Internet applications. This particular format has become the standard
Internet Modeling Language format for the World Wide Web (see Virtual
Reality Modeling Language Object File Formats below for other proposed
standards).
-
Programs:
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
Specifications for this format (v1.0) can be found at http://vrml.wired.com/vrml.tech/vrml10-3.html.
The Moving Worlds proposal which was officially accepted as the standard
for VRML 2.0 can be found at http://vrml.sgi.com/moving-worlds/index.html.
-
See Also: Inventor format
-
WLD (WorLD
Format), PLG (PoLyGon Format),
FIG (FIGure Format)
-
Extensions: plg, wld, fig
-
Creators: REND386, VR386, AVRIL, Gossamer
-
Description:
-
Used by the REND386, VR386, AVRIL and Gossamer
graphics libraries for the PC.
-
Programs: REND386, VR386, AVRIL, Gossamer
-
Filters:
-
The SPD (Standard Procedural Database) package is available at http://www.eye.com/triwrld/Free/freebies.htm
and now contains filters to convert to and from the following formats:
NFF, POV-Ray, Polyray, Vivid, Rayshade, RTrace SCN, Art, QRT, REND386 PLG,
Renderman RIB, AutoCad DXF, Radiance RAD, Wavefront OBJ, and RenderWare
RWX.
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
See Also:
-
WTK
(World Toolkit Format)
-
Extensions: nff (ASCII), bff (binary)
-
Creator: Sense8
-
Description:
-
The WorldToolKit Neutral File Format which has both binary and ASCII representations.
This format is used by the Sense8 WorldToolKit graphics package.
Sense8's NFF format was loosely adapted from the Videoscape (.geo) format,
with the addition of 12-bit color, per-polygon texture application, and
portals. It was later extended to support vertex normals, 24-bit color,
and vertex uv coordinates. The binary BFF format layout and order is identical
to the ASCII version, with the exception that only 24-bit, and not 12-bit,
colors are not supported. Note that this format is totally different than
the NFF format by Eric Haines.
-
Programs: WorldToolKit
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
More information can be obtained on the Sense8 Web site at http://www.sense8.com/.
-
See Also: NFF format
-
X3D
-
Extensions: x3d, obj
-
Creators: x3d 2.0, xdart
-
Description:
-
Used by x3d 2.0 and the xdart renderers.
-
Programs: x3d 2.0, xdart
-
Filters:
-
Viewers:
-
Other information:
-
Both renderers are available via ftp from dpls.dacc.wisc.edu:/graphics.
-
See Also:
-
XOF
-
Extensions: xof
-
Creator: RenderMorphics (Microsoft)
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Description:
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XOF is used by the RealityLab 3D renderer by RenderMorphics, which
was aquired by Microsoft in February 1995. RealityLab is now a core
component of Windows95.
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Programs: RealityLab
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XOR (External Object Representation)
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Extensions: xor, tri (triangles)
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Creator: Royal Institute of Technology
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Description:
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External Object Representation (XOR) allows objects in an object-oriented
programming environment to exist outside the memory address space in which
they were created, e.g. in external files, communication channels and databases.
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Documentation can be found at http://www.bion.kth.se/tests/xor/report/report.html.
E-mail [email protected] for more
information.
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YAODL
(Yet Another Object Description Language)
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Extensions: ydl, yaodl
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Creator: Silicon Graphics
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Description:
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Used by Silicon Graphics Powerflip program.
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Programs: Powerflip
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Virtual Reality Modeling Language Object File Formats
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Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) is a platform-independent language
for virtual reality scene design. A standard format has been adopted based
on the OpenInventor format (see the VRML specification above). Several
other formats were proposed to allow Web users to share and link 3D objects
and scenes with each other, in much the same way that HTML documents can
be hyperlinked together. Clicking on an object in a virtual world will
jump you to another virtual world on the Web. This section lists some of
the proposed formats. For more information, see the open
forum discussion on VRML.
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CDF
(Cyberspace Description Format)
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Extensions: cdf
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Creator: Autodesk (Carl Tollander &[email protected]>)
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Description:
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CDF is an ASCII-based format used for describing cyberspace decks and virtual
worlds. This format provides a standard framework that is used to store,
retrieve, modify, and exchange descriptions of cyberspace objects; including
object initialization, state, and scheduling, and cyberspase simulation.
CDF is based on the CDF format described in Autodesk's Cyberspace Development
Kit. Autodesk's CDF is a closed format used to support a proprietary developer's
tool, while the proposed CDF format is an open format intended to be accepted
as an industry standard.
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Specifications are available from http://vrml.wired.com/proposals/cdf/cdf.html.
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FFIVW
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Extensions: ffivw
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Creator: Bernie Roehl and Kerry Bonin
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Description:
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A proposal for a standard file format for storing descriptions of both
individual objects and entire worlds.
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Specifications are available from http://vrml.wired.com/proposals/ffivw.html.
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IV-VRML
(Inventor VRML Format)
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Extensions: wrl, iv
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Creator: Silicon Graphics, Inc.
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Description:
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A proposal for a VRML standard using SGI Inventor format as a basis. The
VRML format is a subset of the Inventor graphics format. This proposal
evolved into the VRML specification.
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The original source for this document can be found at http://www.sgi.com/tech/Inventor/VRML/VRMLDesign.html.
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Labyrinth-VRML
(Labyrinth Virtual Reality Markup Language Format)
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Extensions: vrml
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Creator:
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Description:
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A proposal for a VRML standard for distributing virtual reality worlds
over the World Wide Web.
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The original source for this document can be found at http://vrml.wired.com/proposals/labspec.html.
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SDML
(Spacial Data Modeling Language)
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Extensions: sdml
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Creator:
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Description:
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Used by the CLRMosaic package for Silicon Graphics workstations.
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The updated version of the SDML format can be obtained from http://www.clr.toronto.edu:1080/CLRMOSAIC/SDML.html.
More information about CLRMosaic can be found at http://www.clr.toronto.edu:1080/CLRMOSAIC/help-about.html.
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VRML
(VRML Format)
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Extensions: vrml
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Creator:
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Description:
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A proposal for a VRML standard based on SGI Inventor format.
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The original source for this document can be found at http://www.eit.com/vrml/vrmlspec.html.
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WebOOGL
(Web Object Oriented Graphics Library Format)
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Extensions: oogl
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Creator:
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Description:
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WebOOGL is an extension of the OOGL format which allows URL links to be
imbedded within 3D objects, and allows multiple WebOOGL objects from different
locations on the Web to be combined into a single scene.
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The original source for this document can be found at http://www.geom.umn.edu/docs/weboogl/weboogl.html.
More information about how OOGL can be used as a geometry format for VRML
can be found at http://vrml.wired.com/proposals/oogl.html.
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See Also:
[email protected]
Created: 03/01/94, Last Update: 07/19/96